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Vulcani sono esistiti sin dalla nascita della terra, e che hanno contribuito a plasmare i continenti come li conosciamo. Il vulcano di parola è pensato per venire da mitologia romana, in particolare derivato dal vulcano, il Dio romano del fuoco che è stato pensato per essere fabbro di Giove e responsabile per la fabbricazione di frecce e scudi. Vulcan ha avuto anche un greco equivalente, noto come Efesto, il cui nome significa "bruciare" o "fiammeggiante". Vulcani erano presenti in poesia antica, dove sono descritti come la bottega del fabbro. Quando scoppiò una montagna, gli antichi pensiero che è stato causato dalla fuoriuscita di fumo attraverso il camino del workshop di Vulcan quando era al lavoro.But what are volcanoes, really? A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface which allows hot magma, volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface. Volcanic eruptions can cause destruction and consequent disaster in several different ways. One is the volcanic eruption itself, causing harm from the explosion of the volcano or the immediate fall of rock. Then there is lava - molten rock or liquid rock - that may be produced during the eruption of a volcano. As it leaves the volcano, the hot lava destroys any buildings and plants in its path. Third, there is volcanic ash, consisting of fragments of pulverized rock, minerals and volcanic glass, which may form a cloud and settle thickly in nearby locations. When volcanic ash is mixed with water it forms a concrete-like material, and in sufficient quantity, ash may cause roofs to collapse under its weight. Small quantities of volcanic ash will also harm humans if inhaled.However, the main danger to humans in the immediate surroundings of a volcanic eruption is pyroclastic flows. These are currents of hot gas and rock which can reach speeds of up to 700 kmh (450 mph) and temperatures of about 1,000 °C (1,830 °F). It is believed that the Roman town of Pompeii near Naples was destroyed by a pyroclastic flow in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, and that heat was the main cause of death of people and not, as previously believed, the inhalation of ash.One recent volcanic eruption causing chaos and disaster was the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption in Chile in 2011. At least 3,500 people were evacuated from nearby areas, while the ash cloud was blown across cities all around the Southern hemisphere, creating travel chaos when airlines were forced to cancel hundreds of flights. Ash poses a threat to aircrafts because once sucked into engines, it can be transformed into molten glass by the high engine temperatures and can cause an engine to fail. Further, ski resorts in Argentina had to be closed, a nearby river was contaminated and its temperature rose to 45 °C (113 °F) and pastureland in Southern Argentina was destroyed.
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